Physics
UNIT 1: Physics and Measurement
Units and dimensions
Dimensional analysis and applications
Measurement of length, mass and time
Accuracy and precision of measurements
Errors in measurement
Significant figures
UNIT 2: Kinematics
Motion in a straight line
Position, displacement and distance
Velocity and speed
Acceleration
Equations of motion for uniformly accelerated motion
Motion under gravity
Motion in a plane
Scalar and vector quantities
Projectile motion
Uniform circular motion
UNIT 3: Laws of Motion
Concept of force
Newton’s first law of motion
Newton’s second law of motion
Newton’s third law of motion
Inertia and mass
Momentum and impulse
Law of conservation of momentum
Equilibrium of forces
Friction and its types
Laws of friction
Circular motion dynamics
UNIT 4: Work, Energy and Power
Work done by a constant force
Variable force and work
Kinetic energy
Work-energy theorem
Potential energy
Conservative and non-conservative forces
Law of conservation of mechanical energy
Power and its types
Collisions in one dimension
UNIT 5: Rotational Motion
Centre of mass
Motion of centre of mass
Linear momentum of a system of particles
Torque
Angular momentum
Law of conservation of angular momentum
Moment of inertia
Radius of gyration
Rotational kinetic energy
Rolling motion
UNIT 6: Gravitation
Universal law of gravitation
Acceleration due to gravity
Motion of planets
Kepler’s laws of planetary motion
Gravitational potential energy
Escape velocity
Orbital velocity
Satellites and their motion
UNIT 7: Properties of Solids and Liquids
Elastic behaviour of solids
Stress and strain
Hooke’s law
Elastic moduli
Pressure in fluids
Pascal’s law
Buoyancy
Archimedes’ principle
Surface tension
Viscosity
Bernoulli’s theorem
UNIT 8: Thermodynamics
Thermal equilibrium
Zeroth law of thermodynamics
Heat and temperature
Specific heat capacity
Calorimetry
First law of thermodynamics
Isothermal and adiabatic processes
Second law of thermodynamics
Heat engines and refrigerators
UNIT 9: Kinetic Theory of Gases
Equation of state of a perfect gas
Kinetic theory model
Assumptions of kinetic theory
Pressure of a gas
Kinetic energy of gas molecules
Degrees of freedom
Law of equipartition of energy
Mean free path
UNIT 10: Oscillations and Waves
Periodic motion
Simple harmonic motion
Displacement, velocity and acceleration in SHM
Energy in simple harmonic motion
Oscillations of spring and pendulum
Wave motion
Transverse and longitudinal waves
Wave speed
Superposition of waves
Reflection of waves
Standing waves
Beats
Doppler effect
UNIT 11: Electrostatics
Electric charge and its properties
Coulomb’s law
Electric field and electric field lines
Electric flux
Gauss’s law and its applications
Electric potential
Potential difference
Equipotential surfaces
Electric potential energy
Capacitance
Parallel plate capacitor
Capacitors in series and parallel
Energy stored in a capacitor
UNIT 12: Current Electricity
Electric current
Drift velocity
Ohm’s law
Electrical resistance
Factors affecting resistance
Resistivity and conductivity
Combination of resistors
Kirchhoff’s laws
Wheatstone bridge
Meter bridge
Potentiometer
Electric power
Heating effect of electric current
UNIT 13: Magnetic Effects of Current and Magnetism
Magnetic field and magnetic field lines
Biot–Savart law
Ampere’s circuital law
Magnetic field due to current-carrying conductors
Force on a moving charge in a magnetic field
Force on a current-carrying conductor
Motion of charged particle in magnetic field
Torque on a current loop
Magnetic dipole
Earth’s magnetic field
UNIT 14: Electromagnetic Induction and Alternating Currents
Electromagnetic induction
Faraday’s laws of electromagnetic induction
Lenz’s law
Induced emf
Self and mutual inductance
Alternating current
AC voltage and current
AC circuit with resistor, inductor and capacitor
Power in AC circuits
Transformers
UNIT 15: Electromagnetic Waves
Displacement current
Maxwell’s equations
Electromagnetic waves
Nature of electromagnetic waves
Electromagnetic spectrum
Applications of electromagnetic waves
UNIT 16: Optics
Reflection of light
Refraction of light
Laws of reflection and refraction
Total internal reflection
Optical instruments
Wave optics
Huygens’ principle
Interference of light
Diffraction of light
Polarisation
UNIT 17: Dual Nature of Matter and Radiation
Dual nature of radiation
Photoelectric effect
Experimental study of photoelectric effect
Einstein’s photoelectric equation
Matter waves
de Broglie wavelength
UNIT 18: Atoms and Nuclei
Atomic models
Rutherford’s atomic model
Bohr’s atomic model
Energy levels of hydrogen atom
Atomic spectra
Nuclear composition
Size of nucleus
Nuclear forces
Radioactivity
Nuclear fission
Nuclear fusion
UNIT 19: Electronic Devices
Energy bands in solids
Conductors, insulators and semiconductors
Intrinsic and extrinsic semiconductors
p-n junction
Semiconductor diode
Rectifier
Zener diode
Transistor
Transistor as an amplifier
Logic gates
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